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（新春走基层）海拔4800多米 5位“90后”守护青藏铁路春运******
中新网拉萨1月31日电 题：海拔4800多米 5位“90后”守护青藏铁路春运
作者 四朗卓嘎 马生明
“嘀嗒、嘀嗒……”1月28日8时20分，一阵闹钟声划破了寂静的青藏铁路那曲信号车间扎加藏布信号工区宿舍，“90后”工长杨建青翻身关掉闹铃，起床后摘掉鼻子上的氧气管，开始了一天在海拔4800多米地区的工作、生活。
中国铁路青藏集团有限公司拉萨基础设施段5名“90”后，坚守在全国海拔最高的铁路工区扎加藏布信号工区，担负唐古拉南、扎加藏布、雪查玛3个平均海拔4800多米的“云端小站”36架信号机、14组道岔、30个轨道电路等信号设备的日常维护及故障处理工作。
工长杨建青洗漱完后涂抹防晒霜，其身边是一个氧气瓶，日常吸氧是在海拔4800多米地区生活的日常。 马生明 摄“高原紫外线强、风沙大，一天不涂防晒霜，脸上的皮就会脱落。”杨建青洗漱后，回到宿舍厚厚涂抹了三层防晒霜，同时唤醒还在熟睡的工友们。
几位“天路医生”坚守在缺氧的高原，吃饭、睡觉、行走所消耗的精力常人难以想象，他们通过勤监测、勤巡视、勤分析的“三勤”进行设备养护工作，护航青藏铁路春运。
9时许，第一缕阳光照射在扎加藏布信号工区院内。今年24岁的莫文跟着工长杨建青在工区信号设备集中监测室，查看分析三个站室内外信号设备的基本运行状态。随之，二人穿着厚厚的棉服，迎着朝阳前往扎加藏布站开展室外设备巡视作业，通过瞭望线路上的信号设备，查看信号机械室道岔缺口等关键设备数据变化，确保春运期间设备安全稳定运行。
冬季西藏那曲寒风凛冽，工长杨建青(右)加固道岔安装螺丝。 马生明 摄10时20分，巡视完信号设备后，二人返回工区吃饭。如今，这处超高海拔地区工区已修葺一新，职工活动室、学习室、宿舍区、小食堂等配套设施齐全。性格内向的莫文是工区里离家最远、年龄最小的职工，平日里，大家都对他照顾有加。
扎加藏布信号工区所在的羌塘草原人迹罕至，只有常年的狂风。“大家吃过饭后都回宿舍再吸一会氧气，然后准备今天的‘天窗’作业。”杨建青说，出工前吸氧、睡觉吸氧、看书吸氧……这样的场景，是扎加藏布信号工区的日常。
吸完氧后，杨建青带领4名作业人员快速将机料具装上车，先沿着青藏铁路驱车近二十分钟，而后跨穿过铁路涵洞，沿着一段坑坑洼洼的土路向作业地点挺进，一个小时后才抵达雪查玛站。
15时10分，在设置好防护作业后，“天窗”作业命令下达，职工们有序进入防护网，按照分工分别展开作业。杨建青跪在2号道岔旁，俯下身子，仔细查看道岔尖轨是否存在翘头等情况，并在随身携带的本子上详细记录发现的问题。
1月28日，防护员马雷福在作业现场做防护记录。 马生明 摄“今天还算暖和，风不大，平日里检修设备，大风吹得眼睛睁不开，鼻涕也擦不完，冻得直哆嗦。”杨建青边检查边说。因为长期在高海拔地区，他面色黝黑，脸上都是被紫外线灼伤的痕迹。
在信号机旁，现场防护员马雷福正通过对讲机和室内驻站联络员肖本强通话，并在本子上详细记录。
图为傍晚作业结束返回工区的便道。 马生明 摄17时30分，“天路医生”们经过检修养护，顺利完成了当天的“天窗”工作。据悉，春运期间该工区安全工作标准分毫不减，每周一课、每月一会的学习如常进行。(完)
中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事****** 中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。  资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。 日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。 日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。 事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。 因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。 日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。 《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。 德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。 日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。 国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。 太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business By John Lee (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year. Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business. The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster. On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year. The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public. In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run. Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public. The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution. The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community. The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses. According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan. As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment. However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact. Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad. The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies. If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence. 
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