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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

风雪边关路 千里送温暖******

　　春节前夕，本报记者随西部战区机关工作组看望慰问边防哨所官兵——

　　风雪边关路 千里送温暖

　　■本报记者 彭 亮 通讯员 彭小明

　　“穿上这身装具，站哨巡逻冷不冷？”春节前夕，记者随西部战区机关工作组来到海拔5380米的神仙湾哨所，看望慰问一线执勤官兵，为大家办实事解难题。工作组成员摸了摸战士身上的新式装具，嘘寒问暖细致入微。

　　边防哨所节日战备准备得怎么样？福利待遇政策落实成效如何？工作组领导告诉记者，近年来，党中央、中央军委和习主席高度重视边防建设，军地各级相继推出一系列惠军利兵举措，边防一线练兵备战、官兵生活条件等发生巨大变化。为进一步解决边防官兵训练执勤等方面存在的问题，西部战区按照“突出边防一线、倾斜艰苦地区”原则，专门抽组训练、政工、保障等要素，成立联合工作组，赶在春节前赴边防哨所看望慰问官兵，深入做好保生活、保战备工作。

　　翻雪山、过达坂、进哨所……驱车抵达某边防连时，夜幕已降临。此时，室外气温低至-24℃。记者看到，车刚停稳，工作组成员就兵分多路，直奔目的地——战区某处处长顾坤走进锅炉房，查看连队饮用水和暖气供应情况；某处参谋史诺走进制氧站，了解制氧装备性能和战备用氧基数；某处副处长张野峰来到班排宿舍与官兵围坐在一起，询问了解探亲休假、训练伤病等情况……该连连长张军深有感触地说：“工作组来之前就明确，不搞迎接、不听汇报，他们想到哪里、想了解什么就直达现场。”

　　“随着国家经济社会快速发展，各级大力推进边海防建设。如今，路、氧、暖、网、房都越来越好了！”谈及边关旧貌换新颜，已在高原一线坚守10年的二级上士扎西加参告诉记者。这些年，他亲眼见证巡逻走的砂石路变成柏油路、连队从土石房搬进阳光板房、营区从“信息孤岛”到用上无线网络……

　　守好边关，身体健康是基础，安心用心是关键。某边防连列兵马礼渊初上高原，脸上还没有标志性的“高原红”。工作组成员、某处处长杨柳青和军医一起，召集马礼渊等4名新兵，为他们普及高原病防治常识，介绍应急救援经验。大家拉家常、谈心事，很快打成一片。

　　“首次在高原过年，有什么期待？”面对记者询问，新兵们不仅想与家人视频通话、观看春节联欢晚会，还纷纷主动请缨参加站哨巡逻。交流结束，在工作组建议下，边防连队哨所下一步将加大对新战士全方位成长的帮扶力度。

　　战区主战，主责主业是备战打仗。一路上，工作组收集整理应急备战、管边控边等方面矛盾困难，以便结合新年度工作谋划统筹解决。某哨所海拔5046米，官兵乘车执勤巡逻要经过宽仅3米、多达27道拐的4公里陡坡。为此，战区专门就修建这条边防巡逻路作了下一步安排。该连指导员鲁文高兴地告诉记者：“听说上级计划拓宽升级这条路，全连官兵都很期待。以后无论执勤巡逻还是生活保障，都会更加安全方便。”

　　风雪交加挡不住浓浓真情。连日来，工作组一行顶风冒雪，深入被中央军委授予“喀喇昆仑钢铁哨卡”荣誉称号的神仙湾哨所和天文点、河尾滩、班公湖等边防点位，行程上千公里，一路走访慰问、一路解难纾困。在海拔6050米的无名山口，工作组接连遭遇险情，大家纷纷下车破冰除雪、清理路障。“在这么艰苦的环境里，官兵天天要执勤巡逻，多不容易啊！”一位工作组成员动情地说。

　　“感谢你们辛苦的付出、艰巨的付出、光荣的付出！”大雪封山，某哨所进出不便，工作组领导通过视频慰问坚守战位的官兵。视频中，哨所官兵的呼号声盖过了窗外呼啸的风声：“请组织放心，我们一定牢记职责、不辱使命，坚决完成好各项任务！”

　　据悉，在现地走访慰问的基础上，西部战区党委机关还通过安排一次上门走访、寄送一封慰问信函、拨打一个拜年电话等方式，了解边防一线官兵及家人的困难和需求，并送去新春祝福。截至目前，他们已协调西部7省(区、市)和新疆生产建设兵团共79个全国双拥模范城(县)慰问一线边防部队，帮助解决官兵看病就医、子女入学、法律纠纷等困难300余个。

　　(本报西藏阿里1月17日电 解放军报)

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）